The dynamics of volcanic jets

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dc.contributor.authorCigala, V.
dc.contributor.authorKueppers, U.
dc.contributor.authorPeña Fernández, J. J.
dc.contributor.authorTaddeucci, J.
dc.contributor.authorSesterhenn, J.
dc.contributor.authorDingwell, D. B.
dc.date.accessioned2018-05-28T14:15:47Z
dc.date.available2018-05-28T14:15:47Z
dc.date.issued2017-07-24
dc.description.abstractPyroclast ejection during explosive volcanic eruptions occurs under highly dynamic conditions involving great variations in flux, particle sizes, and velocities. This variability must be a direct consequence of complex interactions between physical and chemical parameters inside the volcanic plumbing system. The boundary conditions of such phenomena cannot be fully characterized via field observation and indirect measurements alone. In order to understand better eruptive processes, we conducted scaled and controlled laboratory experiments. By performing shock‐tube experiments at known conditions, we defined the influence of physical boundary conditions on the dynamics of pyroclast ejection. If applied to nature, we are focusing in the near‐vent processes where, independently of fragmentation mechanism, impulsively released gas‐pyroclast mixtures can be observed. These conditions can be met during, e.g., Strombolian or Vulcanian eruptions, parts of Plinian eruptions, or phreatomagmatic explosions. The following parameters were varied: (1) tube length, (2) vent geometry, (3) particle load, (4) temperature, and (5) particle size distribution. Gas and particles in the experiments are not coupled (St >> 1). The initial overpressure, with respect to atmosphere, was always at 15 MPa. We found a positive correlation of pyroclast ejection velocity with (1) particle load, (2) diverging vent walls, and (3) temperature as well as a negative correlation with (1) tube length and (2) particle size. Additionally, we found that particle load strongly affects the temporal evolution of particle ejection velocity. These findings stress the importance of scaled and repeatable laboratory experiments for a better understanding of volcanic phenomena and therefore volcanic hazard assessment.en
dc.identifier.issn2169-9356
dc.identifier.urihttps://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/handle/11303/7882
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-7042
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subject.ddc550 Geowissenschaftende
dc.subject.othervolcanic jetsen
dc.subject.otherpyroclast velocityen
dc.subject.otherexplosive dynamicsen
dc.titleThe dynamics of volcanic jetsen
dc.title.subtitleTemporal evolution of particles exit velocity from shock‐tube experimentsen
dc.typeArticleen
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.doi10.1002/2017JB014149en
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.issue12en
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.journaltitleJournal of geophysical research : JGRen
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.originalpublishernameWileyen
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.originalpublisherplaceHoboken, NJen
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.pageend6045en
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.pagestart6031en
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.volume122en
tub.accessrights.dnbfreeen
tub.affiliationFak. 5 Verkehrs- und Maschinensysteme::Inst. Strömungsmechanik und Technische Akustik (ISTA)::FG Numerische Fluiddynamikde
tub.affiliation.facultyFak. 5 Verkehrs- und Maschinensystemede
tub.affiliation.groupFG Numerische Fluiddynamikde
tub.affiliation.instituteInst. Strömungsmechanik und Technische Akustik (ISTA)de
tub.publisher.universityorinstitutionTechnische Universität Berlinen

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